| Development | Important examination facts |
|---|---|
| Parliament Monsoon Session 2026 | Began on 20 July 2026; scheduled for 19 sittings, ending 13 August. |
| Public Examinations Amendment Bill, 2026 | Strengthens penalties against examination malpractice and provides for special task forces and fast-track courts. |
| Supreme Court Judges Amendment Bill, 2026 | Proposes increasing the number of Supreme Court judges, excluding the CJI, from 33 to 37. |
| National Honour Amendment Bill, 2026 | Provides penalties for insulting the national song, Vande Mataram. |
| Registration of Births and Deaths Amendment Bill, 2026 | Changes the authority for approving registrations delayed by more than two years to a Judicial Magistrate First Class. |
| MSME Development Amendment Bill, 2026 | Provides for the Centre to notify MSME classification thresholds based on investment and turnover. |
| VB-G RAM G Act implementation | Rules mandate DBT for wage and unemployment allowance payments. |
Important legal and constitutional facts
The Supreme Court’s sanctioned strength, excluding the Chief Justice, was proposed to rise from 33 to 37.
The Public Examinations Amendment is especially important for CLAT, AILET and state law entrance examinations.
The Monsoon Session is important for parliamentary procedure, legislative scrutiny and the functioning of parliamentary committees.
The July 2026 examination controversy brought examination security and institutional accountability into focus.
Important developments reported in July:
NEET-UG paper-leak controversy.
Formation of a high-powered task force for examination reforms.
Proposed reforms in the functioning of the National Testing Agency (NTA).
Parliamentary action through the Public Examinations (Prevention of Unfair Means) Amendment Bill, 2026.
Approved: 15 July 2026.
Objective: Develop India’s semiconductor manufacturing and design ecosystem.
Nodal ministry: Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY).
Six pillars: Design, machines and materials, fabs, ATMP/OSAT, R&D and talent development.
Builds on India Semiconductor Mission 1.0.
2. Samudra Manthan – National Offshore Exploration Scheme
Promotes domestic offshore oil and gas exploration.
Objective: Enhance energy security and reduce import dependence.
Important for India’s energy infrastructure
3. Pradhan Mantri Surya Sarovar Yojana
Supports floating solar photovoltaic projects.
Includes co-located energy storage.
Target: 5,000 MW floating solar capacity.
4. Mobile Phone Manufacturing Scheme (MPMS)
Approved in July 2026.
Runs through 2030–31.
Promotes domestic mobile phone production, value addition and exports.
5. BHAVYA Rasayan Scheme
Supports the development of three dedicated chemical parks.
Five-year implementation period: 2026–27 to 2030–31.
6. PM-KISAN continuation
Continued from 2026–27 to 2030–31.
Eligible farmer families receive ₹6,000 annually.
Paid through Direct Benefit Transfer.
Other important July scheme developments
| Scheme / initiative | Key fact |
|---|---|
| National Investment Policy for Urea 2026 | Supports domestic urea manufacturing and self-reliance. |
| Revamped Khelo India Scheme | Cabinet approval for continuation and strengthening of sports development. |
| Assistance to National Sports Federations | Enhanced support for national sports bodies. |
| Viksit UDAN | Next phase of the regional air connectivity initiative. |
| PMGKAY | Improved-quality rice supply approved for beneficiaries. |
| VB-G RAM G | Rural employment guarantee framework; 125 days of guaranteed wage employment under the Act. |
Static GK connection: PM-KISAN is implemented by the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare. Semicon 2.0 is associated with MeitY. Samudra Manthan concerns offshore energy exploration.
| Topic | July 2026 update |
|---|---|
| Small Savings Schemes | Interest rates remained unchanged for July–September 2026. |
| RBI regulatory action | RBI imposed penalties on Bank of Baroda and GIC Housing Finance totalling ₹66.7 lakh, as reported in the monthly banking digest. |
| TReDS | Government mandated TReDS for settlement of MSME invoices by Central Public Sector Enterprises. |
| UPI internationalisation | Favara-UPI cross-border payment corridor became operational between India and Maldives. |
| Government securities | Reforms to attract greater foreign portfolio investment in Indian government securities. |
| India–UK Social Security Agreement | Agreement entered into force alongside CETA on 15 July 2026. |
Banking terms to remember
RBI – Reserve Bank of India.
NPCI – National Payments Corporation of India.
UPI – Unified Payments Interface.
TReDS – Trade Receivables Discounting System.
FPI – Foreign Portfolio Investor.
DBT – Direct Benefit Transfer.
KYC – Know Your Customer.
According to the July PRS policy review:
| Indicator | Figure |
|---|---|
| CPI inflation, Q1 FY 2026–27 | 3.9% |
| Food inflation, Q1 FY 2026–27 | 4.8% |
| Wholesale inflation, Q1 FY 2026–27 | 9.3% |
| CPI inflation, corresponding quarter of 2025–26 | 2.9% |
Other important economic developments:
MoSPI announced a revised CPI base year of 2024 = 100, replacing 2012 = 100.
A new series of the Index of Core Industries was released with base year 2022–23.
A trial sub-sectoral Index of Services Production was released with base year 2024–25.
Exam trick: Do not confuse the CPI base year with the WPI or IIP base year.
India–UK Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA)
Entered into force: 15 July 2026.
Provides zero-duty access to approximately 99% of India’s exports to the UK.
Covers goods, services, intellectual property and movement of professionals.
Agreement on Social Security also entered into force on the same date.
The social security agreement is also called the Double Contribution Convention (DCC).
The agreement seeks to prevent eligible Indian professionals from making duplicate social security contributions.
Other international economic developments
India–Israel Bilateral Investment Agreement came into force on 4 July 2026.
India–Australia civil nuclear cooperation advanced through arrangements concerning uranium supply.
India became a party to the WTO Agreement on Fisheries Subsidies.
Held in July 2026.
Focus areas included economic security, semiconductors, critical minerals, clean energy and pharmaceuticals.
AI cooperation was also discussed.
Defence industrial cooperation included the UNICORN integrated stealth mast project.
Remember: Japan is important to India’s Indo-Pacific strategy, economic security and infrastructure cooperation.
Important areas of cooperation reported during the July visit:
Defence cooperation.
Critical minerals, particularly nickel.
Maritime cooperation.
BrahMos missile cooperation.
Astra Mk1 air-to-air missile export development.
Cooperation in civil nuclear energy.
Uranium supply arrangements.
Defence and maritime cooperation.
Cooperation in critical minerals.
Access arrangements involving India’s Traditional Knowledge Digital Library.
Strategic partnership development.
Expansion of economic and diplomatic cooperation.
Greater cooperation in the Indo-Pacific region.
| Event | Important fact |
|---|---|
| BRICS Women Ministerial Meeting | Held in Kochi, 6–9 July 2026. |
| UNCTAD consumer protection session | India chaired the 9th session of the Intergovernmental Group of Experts on Consumer Protection Law and Policy. |
| UN Global Dialogue on AI Governance | First session held in Geneva, 6–7 July 2026. |
| National e-Governance Conference | 29th conference held in Jaipur, 1–2 July 2026; adopted the Jaipur Declaration. |
Static GK:
UNCTAD headquarters: Geneva, Switzerland.
BRICS is a multilateral grouping of emerging economies.
UN headquarters: New York, USA.
Geneva is an important centre of international diplomacy.
Vikram-1
Associated with private Indian space company Skyroot Aerospace.
Important milestone in India’s private space industry.
Demonstrates the growing participation of private companies in launch-vehicle development.
Hydrogen train project
A major clean-mobility development.
Reported capacity: approximately 2,600 passengers.
Hydrogen fuel cells generate electricity to power the train.
Important for green transport and railway decarbonisation.
Kusha Long-Range Surface-to-Air Missile
Maiden flight test: 23 July 2026.
Developed by DRDO.
Test location: APJ Abdul Kalam Island, Odisha coast.
Designed to intercept aircraft, missiles and UAVs.
Important for India’s indigenous air-defence capabilities.
| Development | Significance |
|---|---|
| CG Semi OSAT facility | Semiconductor assembly and testing ecosystem in Sanand, Gujarat. |
| Semicon 2.0 | Strengthening indigenous semiconductor production. |
| First dengue vaccine approval | CDSCO approved India’s first dengue vaccine, according to the July PIB compilation. |
| Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission | Digital health infrastructure and health records. |
| AI governance dialogue | International cooperation on artificial intelligence governance. |
| CSIR Traditional Knowledge Digital Library | India–Australia cooperation to protect traditional knowledge. |
Static GK for science
DRDO: Defence Research and Development Organisation.
ISRO: Indian Space Research Organisation.
CDSCO: Central Drugs Standard Control Organisation.
OSAT: Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Test.
MeitY: Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology.
| Development | Key examination fact |
|---|---|
| Project Kusha | Indigenous long-range surface-to-air missile project. |
| INS Mahendragiri | Indigenous stealth frigate commissioned into the Indian Navy in July. |
| Astra Mk1 | Indigenous air-to-air missile; associated with India’s defence export developments. |
| UNICORN project | India–Japan defence technology cooperation involving an integrated stealth mast. |
| India–Indonesia defence cooperation | BrahMos and Astra-related cooperation. |
| National Anti-Doping framework | Enforcement developments under the National Anti-Doping Act, 2022 and its 2025 amendment. |
INS Mahendragiri
Project 17A stealth frigate.
Indigenous warship.
Commissioned in July 2026.
Associated with the Indian Navy.
Important static defence facts
Indian Navy headquarters: New Delhi.
DRDO headquarters: New Delhi.
Indian Air Force headquarters: New Delhi.
Project 17A is associated with advanced indigenous stealth frigates.
Sarnath World Heritage Site: The ancient Buddhist site of Sarnath was inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List, according to the July PIB compilation.
Western Ghats: Draft notification developments concerning the Ecologically Sensitive Area (ESA) continued.
Great Indian Bustard: Conservation and rewilding efforts remained important environmental topics.
Renewable energy: India’s renewable installed capacity was reported at 288.58 GW, nearly four times the 2014 level.
Floating solar: The Pradhan Mantri Surya Sarovar Yojana promotes floating solar power with energy storage.
| Species / location | Importance |
|---|---|
| Great Indian Bustard | Critically endangered bird. |
| Western Ghats | Global biodiversity hotspot. |
| Sarnath | Important Buddhist archaeological and cultural site. |
| Tiger | Conservation focus of International Tiger Day. |
Static GK
Western Ghats extend through six Indian states.
Great Indian Bustard is primarily associated with grassland ecosystems.
India is a member of the International Solar Alliance.
The headquarters of the International Solar Alliance is in Gurugram, Haryana.
| Development | Important fact |
|---|---|
| Sachin Ahir | Elected unopposed Deputy Chairperson of Maharashtra Legislative Council on 1 July. |
| Jal Jeevan Mission | Bombay High Court sought details of expenditure and progress in Maharashtra, including Melghat. |
| Maharashtra TET investigation | Thane Police investigated an alleged examination paper-leak case. |
| TT vaccine investigation | Maharashtra suspended a particular vaccine batch pending investigation. |
Maharashtra railway allocation for 2026–27
Reported by the Ministry of Railways on 22 July 2026.
Other important facts:
52 railway projects sanctioned in Maharashtra, including 13 new lines, 2 gauge-conversion projects and 37 doubling projects.
Total sanctioned project length: 5,956 km.
Total sanctioned cost: ₹1,42,635 crore.
New track commissioned during 2014–26: 2,585 km.
Daund–Manmad doubling project was among the recently completed projects.
Ahilyanagar–Beed–Parli Vaijnath new line is an important ongoing project.
Important locations mentioned in railway capacity enhancement plans:
Bandra Terminus
Mumbai Central
Jogeshwari
Dadar
Panvel–Kalamboli
Kalyan
Lokmanya Tilak Terminus
Parel
Vasai–Virar
Dahanu
The plans include additional platforms, pit lines, stabling lines and platform extensions for 15-car EMUs.
MPSC exam tip: Remember the Maharashtra railway allocation, the total number of sanctioned projects and the distinction between new lines and doubling projects.
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Deputy Chairperson of Maharashtra Legislative Council elected in July? | Sachin Ahir |
| Maharashtra railway allocation 2026–27? | ₹23,926 crore |
| Number of sanctioned railway projects? | 52 |
| Total length of sanctioned railway projects? | 5,956 km |
| Important railway project in the Shirdi region? | Daund–Manmad doubling |
| Court seeking Jal Jeevan Mission progress details? | Bombay High Court |
| Person / position | July 2026 development |
|---|---|
| Ravi Agrawal | Extension as Chairman of CBDT for six months, 1 July–31 December 2026. |
| Nidhi Khare | Elected Chairperson of UNCTAD’s Intergovernmental Group of Experts on Consumer Protection Law and Policy. |
| Sachin Ahir | Elected Deputy Chairperson of Maharashtra Legislative Council. |
| Education Ministry | Dharmendra Pradhan’s reported resignation during the NEET controversy was a major political development in July. |
Important organisations and their headquarters
| Organisation | Headquarters |
|---|---|
| RBI | Mumbai |
| SEBI | Mumbai |
| NABARD | Mumbai |
| SIDBI | Lucknow |
| IRDAI | Hyderabad |
| NPCI | Mumbai |
| IMF | Washington, D.C. |
| World Bank | Washington, D.C. |
| WTO | Geneva |
| UNCTAD | Geneva |
| UNESCO | Paris |
| WHO | Geneva |
| FAO | Rome |
| ILO | Geneva |
For July examination preparation, give particular attention to:
National and international sports awards.
UNESCO World Heritage inscriptions.
Scientific and technological recognitions.
International cultural and literary awards.
Government awards and recognitions announced by ministries.
Important verified cultural development: Sarnath’s inscription on the UNESCO World Heritage List was included in the July PIB current-affairs compilation.
| Event / topic | What to remember |
|---|---|
| Wimbledon 2026 | Men’s and women’s singles champions and runners-up. |
| Commonwealth Games 2026 | Glasgow, Scotland; medal tally and India’s performance. |
| Khelo India | Revamped scheme and enhanced support to National Sports Federations. |
| National Anti-Doping framework | Implementation of the National Anti-Doping Act and its amendment. |
Sports static GK
Wimbledon is played on grass courts.
Wimbledon is one of the four Grand Slam tennis tournaments.
The other Grand Slam tournaments are the Australian Open, French Open and US Open.
Commonwealth Games are organised under the Commonwealth Sport movement.
The headquarters of the International Olympic Committee is in Lausanne, Switzerland.
| Date | Important day |
|---|---|
| 1 July | National Doctors’ Day (India) |
| 1 July | Chartered Accountants Day |
| 1 July | GST Day |
| 6 July | World Zoonoses Day |
| 11 July | World Population Day |
| 15 July | World Youth Skills Day |
| 17 July | World Day for International Justice |
| 18 July | Nelson Mandela International Day |
| 20 July | World Chess Day |
| 22 July | Pi Approximation Day |
| 26 July | Kargil Vijay Diwas |
| 28 July | World Hepatitis Day |
| 28 July | World Nature Conservation Day |
| 29 July | International Tiger Day |
| 30 July | World Day Against Trafficking in Persons |
| 30 July | International Day of Friendship |
1 July – National Doctors’ Day
Celebrated in India.
Associated with Dr. Bidhan Chandra Roy.
His birth and death anniversaries fall on 1 July.
11 July – World Population Day
Focuses on population-related issues.
Established by the United Nations Development Programme’s Governing Council in 1989.
Related to population growth, reproductive health and sustainable development.
15 July – World Youth Skills Day
Observed by the United Nations.
Focuses on technical and vocational education and youth employability.
18 July – Nelson Mandela International Day
Observed in honour of Nelson Mandela.
Associated with peace, human rights and social justice.
26 July – Kargil Vijay Diwas
Commemorates India’s victory in the 1999 Kargil War.
Associated with Operation Vijay.
29 July – International Tiger Day
Focuses on tiger conservation.
Associated with the 2010 St. Petersburg Tiger Summit
| Report / index | July 2026 development or exam connection |
|---|---|
| Consumer Price Index | Revised base year announced as 2024. |
| Index of Core Industries | New series with base year 2022–23. |
| Index of Services Production | Trial sub-sectoral index with base year 2024–25. |
| AISHE | Ministry of Education released reports for 2022–23 and 2023–24. |
| NFHS-6 | Updates concerning the National Family Health Survey. |
| Renewable energy capacity | Installed capacity reported at 288.58 GW. |
| Report / index | Responsible institution |
|---|---|
| CPI | MoSPI |
| IIP | MoSPI |
| WPI | Office of Economic Adviser, DPIIT |
| AISHE | Ministry of Education |
| NFHS | Ministry of Health and Family Welfare |
| Human Development Report | UNDP |
| World Economic Outlook | IMF |
| Global Economic Prospects | World Bank |
| World Investment Report | UNCTAD |
| Global Gender Gap Report | World Economic Forum |
Revise these facts repeatedly.
Semicon 2.0 outlay – ₹1,27,500 crore.
Samudra Manthan outlay – ₹84,084 crore.
Pradhan Mantri Surya Sarovar Yojana – ₹5,070 crore.
Mobile Phone Manufacturing Scheme – ₹62,500 crore.
BHAVYA Rasayan Scheme – ₹3,030 crore.
PM-KISAN annual benefit – ₹6,000.
PM-KISAN continuation outlay – ₹3.15 lakh crore.
Maharashtra railway allocation – ₹23,926 crore.
Number of sanctioned railway projects in Maharashtra – 52.
Total length of sanctioned Maharashtra railway projects – 5,956 km.
Monsoon Session commenced – 20 July 2026.
India–UK CETA entered into force – 15 July 2026.
Zero-duty access under India–UK CETA – Approximately 99% of India’s exports.
India–Israel BIA entered into force – 4 July 2026.
Project Kusha – Indigenous long-range surface-to-air missile.
Project Kusha test date – 23 July 2026.
Project Kusha testing location – APJ Abdul Kalam Island, Odisha.
Hydrogen train – Clean railway transportation technology.
India’s semiconductor mission nodal ministry – MeitY.
India–Japan summit – 16th Annual Summit.
BRICS Women Ministerial Meeting – Kochi.
BRICS Women Ministerial Meeting dates – 6–9 July 2026.
World Population Day – 11 July.
World Youth Skills Day – 15 July.
Kargil Vijay Diwas – 26 July.
International Tiger Day – 29 July.
World Hepatitis Day – 28 July.
International Day of Friendship – 30 July.
RBI headquarters – Mumbai.
UNCTAD headquarters – Geneva.
Test your preparation with these 20 questions.
July 2026 – Mock Test
Q1. What is the approved outlay of Semicon 2.0?
Q2. Samudra Manthan is associated with which sector?
Q3. What is the annual financial assistance under PM-KISAN?
Q4. When did the 2026 Monsoon Session of Parliament commence?
Q5. What is the proposed increase in Supreme Court judges excluding the CJI?
Q6. India–UK CETA entered into force on which date?
Q7. Approximately what percentage of India’s exports receives zero-duty access under CETA?
Q8. Project Kusha is developed by which organisation?
Q9. Project Kusha’s maiden flight test was conducted at which location?
Q10. What was Maharashtra’s railway budget allocation for 2026–27?
Q11. How many railway projects were sanctioned in Maharashtra as reported in July?
Q12. Who was elected Deputy Chairperson of Maharashtra Legislative Council?
Q13. Where was the BRICS Women Ministerial Meeting held?
Q14. Which organisation is the nodal ministry’s parent department for Semicon 2.0?
Q15. World Population Day is observed on:
Q16. Kargil Vijay Diwas is observed on:
Q17. What is the revised CPI base year announced in July 2026?
Q18. Where is the headquarters of UNCTAD?
Q19. What is the outlay of the Mobile Phone Manufacturing Scheme?
Q20. International Tiger Day is observed on:
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